Technical Bulletin No. 0894: Composting of By-Product Solids from the Pulp and Paper Industry

This report is an introduction to large-scale composting and to compost quality and utilization, augmented with extensive information specific to by-product solids from the pulp and paper industry. Fundamentals are reviewed with attention given to variables affecting the composting process such as moisture content, oxygen concentration, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Composting operations are discussed in terms of important considerations including feedstock blending, composting methods, odor and leachate management, process monitoring, and government regulation.