Technical Bulletin No. 0189: Review of the Literature on Pulp and Paper Wastes

The 1959 NAM-National Council for Stream Improvement survey of water use management practices was published showing that water reuse had climbed to 200 percent of fresh water pumpage and that the latter had declined an additional 14 percent in 5 years to 57,000 gallons per ton paper. Between 1959 and 1964 capital expenditures for external waste treatment rose from 100 to 150 million dollars, with over 75 percent of the nation's mills practicing some form of waste treatment, and incurring annual operating costs of 14 million dollars.