Special Report No. 90-14: A Collection of Three Scientific Papers Dealing with Consideration of Dose Scaling Factors for Extrapolating from Animal Exposure Levels to Safe Human Lev

Dose response extrapolation from studies in laboratory animals to humans are commonplace in cancer risk assessment of environmental chemicals when mathematical extrapolation modeling is used (i.e., when a no dose threshold of carcinogenic effects is assumed). The scaling of the dose from animals to humans is based on animal-to-human body weight ratio or animal-to-human surface area ratio. The three papers contained in this NCASI Special Report deal with scientific considerations of which dose scaling procedure is most appropriate.